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- ESSAY, Page 72For Better Care Try Snob Appeal
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- By Michael Kinsley
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- Washington is full of busy, self-important people, some
- of them actually important, but very few who would routinely
- keep you waiting 45 minutes in the anteroom for a long-
- scheduled 15-minute appointment. If the President himself left
- you twiddling your thumbs outside the Oval Office for three-
- quarters of an hour, you probably wouldn't mind -- but you
- probably would get an apology. Yet that kind of wait is common,
- without apology, when you visit a doctor's office.
-
- There is no excuse for this. Other professions have
- meetings of unpredictable length and accommodate by not
- overbooking. Surgery and emergencies? Pshaw, the last time I
- squatted forever in a waiting room, it was for a dermatologist.
- The doctor keeps you waiting because he has power over you, like
- a bureaucrat in Bulgaria in the old days. Indeed, visiting the
- doctor's office is like a taste of socialism -- the crowded
- waiting room with little to read but hectoring posters, the
- feeling of helplessness, the endless forms to fill out. Which
- is ironic, since the typical doctor's office is the most
- free-enterprise corner of the most free-enterprise medical
- system in the advanced world.
-
- Doctors' waiting rooms are hardly the most serious ailment
- of American health care. More than 30 million citizens have no
- health insurance at all. Few among the rest of us are free from
- fear of losing our insurance or finding it insufficient. Costs
- are soaring -- over 12% of GNP, by far the world's highest --
- yet our longevity and infant-mortality rates are nothing to brag
- about. But an hour's wait to pay $120 for a few minutes of a
- doctor's time nicely illustrates how our system combines some
- of the worst aspects of both capitalism and socialism.
-
- Although nobody has a kind word for socialism these days,
- virtually everyone is actually a socialist in principle when it
- comes to health care. If I were to say that every citizen is
- entitled to housing, supplied by the government if necessary,
- you'd peg me as some kind of liberal. If I were to say that
- every citizen is entitled to equally good housing, you'd peg me
- as some kind of nut. Yet that is more or less what everybody
- thinks -- quite rightly -- about health care. Is there a
- politician around who would dare to say publicly that the poor
- should get worse health care than the rich?
-
- Of course the poor do get worse health care than the rich.
- Yet Americans don't have the efficiency benefits of the free
- market either. And it's not just because the government now pays
- for more than 40% of all health care. Private insurance also
- makes consumers relatively indifferent to the cost and quantity
- of medical services they buy. And even without insurance, who
- is going to price-shop for a heart surgeon or be able to judge
- whether some expensive lab test is really necessary?
-
- Health care is one area in which the free market cannot
- provide either the universal availability that decency demands
- or the cost control that sanity requires. That's why even the
- conservative Heritage Foundation -- in an intriguing reform
- proposal billed as "market oriented" -- endorses a thinly
- disguised tax increase on the affluent, massive new government
- handouts to lower-income families and stiff new regulations on
- everyone.
-
- The American Medical Association has its own scheme,
- called Health Access America, which includes most of the
- familiar nostrums. It would guarantee universal care through a
- combination of expanding government programs, enlarging tax
- subsidies and requiring employers to supply insurance. The
- A.M.A. has come a long way from the days when it hired Ronald
- Reagan to campaign against Medicare as socialism. Now an
- editorial in the A.M.A. Journal bizarrely blames the absence of
- universal coverage on "long-standing, systematic,
- institutionalized racial discrimination." Yet the A.M.A.'s
- reform plan is strangely reticent about cost control, without
- which fewer people, not more, will have access to decent health
- care.
-
- America's health-care system needs to become both more
- socialist and more capitalist. The goal is socialist: equal,
- universal coverage. But the techniques of capitalism can make
- it possible. The private-sector health-care industry will not
- necessarily like these techniques. Doctors, hospitals,
- pharmaceutical companies and medical-equipment manufacturers
- have all thrived under the present worst-of-both-worlds system.
-
- One example of a best-of-both-worlds technique is the
- Health Maintenance Organization. At an HMO, you pay one annual
- fee, and the group supplies all your health-care needs. Because
- the provider is also the insurer, there is no incentive to run
- up the tab with unnecessary services. Yet the HMO must compete
- for customers by offering high-quality care. And customers can
- comparison shop for price and quality at leisure when they're
- healthy, not in haste when they're sick.
-
- Thirty-five million people are now enrolled in HMOs --
- nearly four times as many as in 1980 -- despite misbegotten
- government policies that enrich doctors and reward patients for
- staying out of them. But HMOs suffer from an image problem. They
- are thought of as pseudosocialist bargain medicine. HMOs need
- to be "repositioned," as they say in the advertising game. They
- need a new image as supercapitalist medicine.
-
- So here's a free idea for some medical entrepreneur. Give
- the HMOs snob appeal. Call the thing Executive Health
- Maintenance. Add a few cheap frills. Change the sales pitch.
- "Tired of schlepping from doctor's office to doctor's office,
- waiting around in squalid surroundings, filling out all those
- forms? Come to Executive Health Maintenance. We'll take care of
- everything. Not only do we have the best specialists, plus
- in-house lab tests and pharmacy, all in one convenient location.
- We have fresh coffee and croissants in the waiting room, as well
- as a fax machine, current issues of all the magazines and a
- concierge. And we promise you'll never have to wait more than
- 15 minutes, or the next organ transplant's on us."
-
- It won't solve the health-care crisis, but it might help.
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